Age spots, also known as brown spots, liver spots, and solar lentigines, are a common sign of aging. These flat, oval areas of pigmentation tend to appear on sun-exposed parts of the body, such as the face, hands, arms, shoulders, and feet. Most common in people over 40, they can range in size from freckle-sized to more than a half-inch in length, and in color from light brown to black. When grouped together, age spots may appear even larger.
Book OnlineCauses of Age Spots
Age spots are usually caused by accumulated exposure to the sun’s ultraviolet (UV) light. Other contributing factors may include:
- Use of tanning beds or lamps
- Trauma or injury
- Genetic predisposition
People with light skin, a history of frequent sunburn, or chronic sun exposure are more likely to develop age spots.
Diagnosis of Age Spots
True age spots are harmless and do not require treatment. However, if a spot appears irregular, a biopsy may be performed to rule out malignancy. Spots should be evaluated by a physician if they exhibit:
- Dark pigmentation
- Unusual combination of colors
- Rapid growth in size
Additionally, spots that are itchy, red, sensitive, or bleed should also be checked for malignancy.
Treatment Options for Age Spots
Although age spots are not medically dangerous, many people seek treatment for cosmetic reasons. Available options include:
- Liquid nitrogen (cryotherapy)
- Bleaching creams
- Microdermabrasion
- Laser skin resurfacing
Because these treatments are cosmetic, insurance typically does not cover procedures to remove age spots.
Prevention of Age Spots
To prevent age spots or prevent them from worsening, it is recommended to avoid prolonged sun exposure and regularly use a broad-spectrum (UVA and UVB) sunscreen. Additional protection can be provided by wearing UV-blocking clothing and a broad-brimmed hat.